Flood policy process in Jakarta, Indonesia, using the Multiple Streams model

Abstract

This chapter examines the usability of J. W. Kingdon’s multiple Streams models to understand the extent to which major flood events precipitated policy changes in Jakarta, Indonesia. It aims to analyse the extent to which the MS model can explain the policy processes and policy changes in relation to these floods. The government could not do any other high-cost flood defence projects in the city because the East Flood Canal was still under construction. Policy implementation deficit has characterised flood policies in Jakarta. The severe floods, which occurred in a regular pattern, allowed policy windows to be opened longer than usual and were able to push the problem off the government agenda and onto the decision agenda and process. The chapter demonstrates that the Multiple Streams model is a powerful lens through which to analyse flood policy process in Jakarta given its conceptualisation of three streams and their convergence to create a policy window.