Abstract
Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia and is considered one of the most vulnerable cities to climate-related disasters, including flooding, sea-level rise, and storm surges. Therefore, the development of a flood-forecasting system for Jakarta is crucial. However, the accurate prediction of flooding in Jakarta is challenging because of the short flood concentration time in highly urbanized basins and the shortage of rainfall data in poorly gauged areas. The aim of this study is to simulate recent flood inundation using global satellite mapping of precipitation (GSMaP) products. The GSMaP products (NRT and Gauge V7) were evaluated and compared with hourly observation data from five ground stations in the Ciliwung River Basin. In addition, a rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model was applied to the target basin. The results of the analysis showed that the GSMaP Gauge data were more accurate than the GSMaP NRT data. However, the GSMaP Gauge cannot be used to provide real-time rainfall data and is, therefore, inadequate for real-time flood forecasting. We conclude that the GSMaP Gauge is suitable for replicating past flood events, but it is challenging to use the GSMaP NRT for real-time flood forecasting in Jakarta.
Highlights
Jakarta is considered to be one of the most vulnerable cities in the world to climate-related disasters, such as flooding, sea-level rise, and storm surges (Firman et al 2011)
The main objective of this study is to investigate a satellite-based rainfall product for flood inundation modeling of a flood event in Jakarta, a mega Asian city located in a humid tropical region
5 Discussion Based on the comparison between gauge-based observations and satellite-based global satellite mapping of precipitation (GSMaP) rainfall data, we found that the GSMaP NRT is not useful as an input for the real-time flood-forecasting system in Jakarta
Summary
Jakarta is considered to be one of the most vulnerable cities in the world to climate-related disasters, such as flooding, sea-level rise, and storm surges (Firman et al 2011). Moe et al (2016) applied a rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model to the 2013 flood event and concluded that a shortage of capacity in the lower Ciliwung and other rivers accounted for 79.6% of the total flood inundation volume in Jakarta, with urbanization and land subsidence accounting for the. In these flood-prone situations, several countermeasures have been implemented in Jakarta to mitigate flood damages, such as dredging and diversion tunnels. The development of a flood-forecasting system in Jakarta is a challenging task because the rapid flooding of rivers and canals will not provide sufficient lead time for a prediction based on the water levels in the upstream regions
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