Abstract
Abstract: Dinder River is largest tributary of the Blue Nile. It is seasonal river that flows from June to November and reaches its high peak in September. Frequently, the water level exceeds the normal height causing over bank flow and consequently floods. The floods generally ring about losses properties and crops close to river banks. This study is attempts to figure out the river flow behavior and find out the aerial extent of inundated lands in four flooding seasons. The investigated area is located in Sennar State, SE Sudan. Discharge data collected over the period from 2015 to 2018 and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) have been used to model the River flow regime, while land cover data was used to determine the affected LU/LC types in the area. HEC-RAS software was used to create 2D unsteady flow model in order to simulate Dinder River flooded area in four seasons. The largest flooded area extent in each season was used as input in GIS environment for further spatial analysis. Statistical computation for the affected area and consequent analysis revealed that: the affected urban area in 2018 was around 28.152km2, in 2017 was 29.205 km2, in 2016 was 16.531km2, and in 2015 was 10.422km2. Similar calculations were carried out for the other LU/LC types. According to the present study, the year 2017 witnessed the largest extent of flooding in the area.
Highlights
Natural disasters cause many countries to experience fatalities, injuries, damage to property, economic and social disruption
Discharge data collected over the period from 2015 to 2018 and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) have been used to model the River flow regime, while land cover data was used to determine the affected land use / land cover (LU/LC) types in the area
The data involve water level and discharge measurements for four seasons from 2015 to 2018.Land cover data for study area were obtained from Remote Sensing Authority (RSA) of the Ministry of Science and Technology, SRTM data with 90m spatial resolutions were obtained from the Earth Explorer of the USGS
Summary
Natural disasters cause many countries to experience fatalities, injuries, damage to property, economic and social disruption. Disasters such as earthquakes, flash floods, volcanic eruptions, and landslides have always constituted a major problem in many developing and developed countries. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) reported that over 45,000 people have been affected by flooding. Sky News (2018) presented outlet media of people describing the situation in their village during flood time (Photo 1).According to them; they have passed through difficult time They lost their properties and crops such as sesame and maize. It is evident that floods cause real problems These problems could be solved through proper planning and detailed studies about flood prone areas. The study area is situated between longitudes: 33° 52′ 34 ′′ and 34° 09′ 35′′, and latitudes: 13°18′ 46′′ and 13° 40′ 50′′ (Fig. 2)
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