Abstract
The importance of flood damage assessment has been highlighted by the government as well as by many researchers. Nevertheless, the effort in performing the damage studies is less to be found due to the lack of awareness and some other limitations related to the data and its methodologies. The flood damage data in fact is part of an essential ingredient in developing the flood mitigation policy as well as in evaluating the effectiveness of the current flood reduction measures. However, unlike other kinds flood risk quantification study, damage assessment is the one that less concerned by the researchers. This paper has mainly provides a brief introduction towards the flood damage assessment and certain essential element need to be taken into consideration have been highlighted. An analysis of previous flood damage assessment studies and discussion towards some critical issues are presented in this paper other than proposing granular fuzzy system for enhancement in flood assessment for quality risk analysis.
Highlights
Earth is one of the planets in our solar system and its surface is covered by water as well as continents and islands, which are represented by a composition of 71% and 29%, respectively
The findings show that the first hybrid model that uses the application of the Geographic Information System (GIS) for flood damage assessment studies, which was introduced in 1996 by the Delft Hydraulic Institute, is marked to be the beginning of GIS application in flood studies (De Jonge et al, 1996)
This model was discovered and proposed by White (1964). This method has been adopted by Hoes et al (2006) in framing a damage function of agricultural damage, and the similar method has been applied by Penning-Rowsell et al (2005) and Nafari et al (2017). It has been discovered by Kreibich et al (2010) that an application comprising a combination of both, the empirical and the synthetic method, at one time exists and this has been demonstrated in the HAZUS-MH model (Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 2003) and the rapid appraisal method (RAM) (Gissing & Blong, 2004)
Summary
Earth is one of the planets in our solar system and its surface is covered by water as well as continents and islands, which are represented by a composition of 71% and 29%, respectively This method has been adopted by Hoes et al (2006) in framing a damage function of agricultural damage, and the similar method has been applied by Penning-Rowsell et al (2005) and Nafari et al (2017) It has been discovered by Kreibich et al (2010) that an application comprising a combination of both, the empirical and the synthetic method, at one time exists and this has been demonstrated in the HAZUS-MH model (Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 2003) and the rapid appraisal method (RAM) (Gissing & Blong, 2004). As written in a technical manual of the HAZUS-MH flood model by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) (2003), the building used for trading business, either a retail-based or a wholesale-based trading, amusement park, health service facility including hospital and clinics, bank, theater and parking lot services, is considered as the commercial sector.
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