Abstract

The paper presents attitude determination results of the ”GPS Attitude, Positioning and Profiling Experiment” (GAP) on board the CASSIOPE satellite using real flight data. The GAP payload consists of five minimally-modified commercial-offthe-shelf NovAtel OEM4-G2L receivers, which provide dual-frequency GPS measurements and allow for attitude and orbit determination of the satellite. To the authors’ knowledge, the CASSIOPE mission is the first space mission that provides dualfrequency observations for attitude determination. The data has been analyzed with a GPS attitude determination algorithm originally developed for the analysis of data from the ”Flying Laptop” mission. The paper presents attitude determination results for real flight data from the GAP experiment on the CASSIOPE satellite. The GPS-based solution for selected attitude maneuvers is compared to a reference orientation provided by the satellite’s star sensors. Furthermore, an analysis of the typical time-to-first-fix (TTFF) of attitude solution is provided. The advantage of dual-frequency ambiguity fixing compared to single-frequency will be assessed.

Highlights

  • The paper presents attitude determination results of the “GPS Attitude, Positioning and Profiling Experiment” (GAP)[1,2] on board the CASSIOPE (CAScade, Smallsat and IOnospheric Polar Explorer) satellite using real flight data

  • The paper presents the first published attitude determination results of the Canadian research satellite CASSIOPE, which is equipped with multiple antennas and dual-frequency L1/L2 GPS receivers

  • The attitude estimation has been performed using an algorithm that was initially developed for the “Flying Laptop” satellite mission and has been adapted to be able to process multi-frequency GPS measurements

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

The paper presents attitude determination results of the “GPS Attitude, Positioning and Profiling Experiment” (GAP)[1,2] on board the CASSIOPE (CAScade, Smallsat and IOnospheric Polar Explorer) satellite using real flight data. Four of the receivers are each connected to a Sensor System S67-1575-14 patch antenna, mounted on the zenith face of the satellite. Together, this four-antenna, four-receiver system is known as GAP-A. The data used in this study have been collected between January 2015 and September 2018 During this time period, only the receivers connected to the patch antennas GPS-0, GPS-1, and GPS-2 have been periodically activated simultaneously. The GPS-based attitude solution is compared to a reference attitude provided by the satellite's star sensors This procedure allows a direct assessment of the achievable accuracy for typical satellite attitude orientations and maneuvers of the CASSIOPE mission. The advantages of dual-frequency ambiguity fixing compared to single-frequency are assessed, considering the occasional occurrence of half-cycle ambiguities

ATTITUDE DETERMINATION ALGORITHM
ANTENNA BASELINE CALIBRATIONS
Calibration of baseline vectors
Calibration of phase center offsets and variations
ATTITUDE DETERMINATION TEST CASES
Earth-pointing orientation
Attitude maneuvers
TIME-TO-FIRST-FIX OF ATTITUDE SOLUTION
Findings
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
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