Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation on using FOLDing wingtips sERving as cONtrol effectorS (FOLDERONS) for a mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). A representative off-the-shelf mini-UAV with a conventional configuration was selected. The main theme of this paper is to utilise FOLDERONS as a control effector (mainly in roll) to augment the control authority of conventional control surfaces. Furthermore, the impact of actuation rate on the effectiveness of FOLDERONS is assessed. The paper describes the preliminary and detailed design and sizing of the morphing wing. In addition, the manufacturing of the wing system and its integration with the UAV are addressed. Wind-tunnel testing in the RJ Mitchell wind-tunnel at the University of Southampton was performed. Both static (straight and sideslip) and dynamic (straight flight) tests are conducted at a range of airspeeds and Angles Of Attack (AOAs). The impact of folding wingtips on the lateral and directional stability is analysed. The main finding of this paper is that FOLDERONS are effective (especially at large dynamic pressure and AOAs) in controlling the lateral and directional stability. Finally, this study shows that FOLDERONS cannot fully replace conventional ailerons especially at low dynamic pressures, and their strong dependence on the AOA makes them prone to a roll reversal phenomena when the wing (and FOLDERONS) is operating at negative AOAs.
Highlights
From its inception, aviation has been influenced by nature
This study numerically demonstrated the potential for roll control using folding wingtips
This paper has shown that FOLDERONS can enhance the rolling authority of a conventional aircraft especially at high angles of attack or large dynamic pressure
Summary
Pioneers drew inspiration from the natural world, replicating patterns and mechanisms they observed. The Cody Flyer developed by Samuel Cody first flew in 1908 and is an example of how bio-inspired characteristics were used in aircraft. The wing camber could be changed by means of wire tensioners running along the wing ribs [1], much in the same way as a bird. Greater demand for high speed led to the development of stiffer, less adaptable aircraft structures. In the pursuit of efficiency and performance advances, the aviation industry is moving back towards bio-inspired configurations to reap the benefits of in-flight adaptation and optimisation
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
