Flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete beam using hot water pre-treated oil palm shell coarse aggregate

Farah Dini Sofyani,Essy Arijoeni,Elly Tjahjono,Nuraziz Handika,M Olivia,I.D Ketut Sudarsana,A Marto,E Saputra,I.M Agus Ariawan,D Andrio,R Ridwan,M Infantri Yekti,D Wishart,G Wibisono,G Pringgana,K Yamamoto

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201927601032

Abstract

Along with the increasing demand for habitation in Indonesia, the need for concrete as the most favourable housing material is escalating. Oil Palm Shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate material is a possible alternatives material in concrete mix proportions. This possible choice of material not only can fulfil the requirements of the materials, but is also capable of reducing the problem of OPS waste in Indonesia. As OPS concrete compressive strength in previous studies in laboratory is in the range of 20-23 MPa, studies on larger elements of structure become interesting. This research presents flexure behaviour of lightweight concrete beams using OPS replacing natural coarse aggregates under four-point loading application. OPS is firstly pre-treated using hot water at 50°C based on previous research. In this study, a series of tests was conducted on two samples of identical beam with dimension of 15×25×300 cm. This size represents the typical dimension of beam used in two-storey houses in Indonesia. Mechanical response due to bending that occurs in OPS lightweight concrete beam is presented. Observation on the beam is emphasised on the pure bending area.

Highlights

Palm oil is one of the strategic commodities in the agricultural sector and is widely developed in tropical countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Nigeria
One of the solid by-products obtained from palm oil production is in shell form, the so-called Oil Palm Shell (OPS)
Oil palm shells are usually used as a fuel for burning stoves in the processing of palm oil production [3, 4]

Summary

Introduction

Palm oil is one of the strategic commodities in the agricultural sector and is widely developed in tropical countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Nigeria. As the largest producers and exporters of palm oil in the world, obviously, by-products of palm oil are widely produced in Indonesia. Oil palm shells are usually used as a fuel for burning stoves in the processing of palm oil production [3, 4]. The greater the palm oil production, the higher the amount of palm oil waste produced; the ineffectiveness of waste processing has led some researchers to use palm oil shell waste, especially in the civil engineering world, as a substitute aggregate material in the concrete mixture. According to Yew et al [5], oil palm shell can be used as coarse aggregate material (biosource alternative material)

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