Flexible work: Does it really mean more autonomy? Time poverty in flexible time-space working arrangements

Abstract

This research explores various dimensions of time poverty within flexible time-space working arrangements and enriches the concept through the application of power-chronography. By using qualitative research methods, such as semi-structured interviews, the study explores the multifaceted nature of time poverty and examines how it is experienced and produced in the everyday lives of individuals with flexible working arrangements in the Czech Republic. The paper sheds light on uneven temporalities and reveals how time poverty relates to temporal acceleration and technological changes in communication. Specifically, time poverty is observed as it relates to constant availability pressures, the need to recalibrate with the dominant socioeconomic rhythm and difficulty planning due to general temporal unpredictability. The reproduction of time poverty is further done via the internalization of sociocultural norms and self-discipline as regards work, temporality and the digital environment. The constant juggling of multiple responsibilities and the pressure to be available for work obligations often spill over into personal relationships, leading to a blurring of boundaries between work and leisure. Consequently, time poverty can be redistributed in relational practices, which means that time poverty becomes a shared experience, impacting not only individuals but also their social networks – family, friends, colleagues. Flexible time-space working arrangements, thus, rather than providing greater autonomy over one's time-space, may reinforce the expectation of constant work availability, consequently time poverty. Finally, the study argues that these aspects – acceleration, constant availability, temporal unpredictability and sociocultural norm internationalization – should be understood as broader aspects of sociocultural and material-discursive practices rather than solely individual responsibilities.