Abstract
Low-cost and flexible radio frequency identification (RFID) tag for automatic identification, tracking, and monitoring of blood products is in great demand by the healthcare industry. A robust performance to meet security and traceability requirements in the different blood sample collection and analysis centers is also required. In this paper, a novel low-cost and flexible passive RFID tag is presented for blood sample collection tubes. The tag antenna is based on two compact symmetrical capacitive structures and works at the ultra-high frequency (UHF) European band (865 MHz–868 MHz). The tag antenna is designed considering the whole dielectric parameters such as the blood, substrate and tube. In this way, it operates efficiently in the presence of blood, which has high dielectric permittivity and loss. Measurement results of the proposed tag have confirmed simulation results. The measured performance of the tag shows good matching in the desired frequency band, leading to reading ranges up to 2.2 m, which is 4.4 times higher than typical commercial tags. The potential of this tag as a sensor to monitor the amount of blood contained in clinic tubes is also demonstrated. It is expected that the proposed tag can be useful and effective in future RFID systems to introduce security and traceability in different blood sample collection and analysis centers.
Highlights
In recent years, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is rapidly developing and is becoming very important for monitoring and tracking applications [1,2,3]
While most of the commercial tags are of inductive type, and are designed using the T-matched technique, we have found that such designs lead to small reading ranges and low radiation efficiencies when they operate attached to clinic tubes, in the proximity of blood
It is not flexible, and it is applied to a near field RFID reader system ( the reading reduces to 3.5% at the center frequency of the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band (f 0 = 867 MHz)
Summary
Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is rapidly developing and is becoming very important for monitoring and tracking applications [1,2,3]. RFID technology can be used in the healthcare sector and, more specially, within medical centers for the management of blood products [4,5] It may have some benefits with regards to optical technologies, such as quick response codes (QR) and barcodes [6], since it is possible to increase the automation level of stock, identification, tracking and monitoring tasks and, reduce possible human intervention errors. An RFID tag is a passive device, which can be attached to or introduced within a product It uses inductive coupling (near-field) or electromagnetic radiation (far-field) to communicate with the reader.
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