Abstract
The small sized, flexible, high-performed and bio-compatible sensing devices are the critical elements to realize the bio-related detection or on-site health monitoring systems. In this work, the flexible localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) bio-sensors were demonstrated by integrating the metal–insulator–metal (MIM) nanodisks with bio-compatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The different geometries of MIM nanodisk sensors were investigated and optimized to enhance the spatial overlap of the LSPR waves with the environment, which lead to a high sensitivity of 1500 nm/RIU. The omni-directional characteristics of LSPR resonances were beneficial for maintaining the device sensitivity stable under various bending curvatures. Furthermore, the flexible MIM nanodisk LSPR sensor was applied to detect A549 cancer cells in PBS+ solution. The absorption peak of the MIM-disk LSPR sensor obviously redshift to easily distinguish between the phosphate buffered saline (PBS+) solution with A549 cancer cells and without cells. Therefore, the flexible MIM nanodisk LSPR sensor is suitable to develop on-chip microfluidic biosensors for detection of cancer cells on nonplanar surfaces.
Highlights
Concept provides a promising way forward to maintain the performance of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors that can be carried and intimately paste with human body surfaces
The metal– insulator–metal (MIM) LSPR sensor is highly sensitive to changes in the environmental refractive index
The trilayer MIM disk structure of the LSPR sensor showed high sensitivity owing to the spatial overlap of the LSPR wave with the environment
Summary
Concept provides a promising way forward to maintain the performance of LSPR sensors that can be carried and intimately paste with human body surfaces. The structure of MIM LSPR sensors are nonstretchable on a hard substrate[25,26] and the sensitivity of LSPR refractive index sensors is below 500 nm/RIU27–29. Because the spatial distribution of the resonant mode in the geometric structure of traditional MIM LSPR sensor weakly overlaps with environmental refractive index to reduce the sensitivity of this sensor. We demonstrated a flexible LSPR sensor containing a trilayer MIM disk reliably embedded in a PDMS substrate. High sensitivity for this LSPR sensor was achieved by varying the embedment depth of the trilayer MIM disk. Flexible on-chip microfluidic biosensors can be developed by integrating LSPR sensors on chips capable of having multiple parallel channels on nonflat surfaces
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