Abstract
The recent emergence of innovative mobility solutions is changing the mobility landscape in urban areas. However, it remains unknown how the combined operation of private and pooled on-demand services affect service performance and the required dimensioning of the fleet size for such services. This study develops a model to determine the fleet size of an on-demand system offering private service and pooled service, where the demand for these services is an outcome of modal choices. We investigate the fleet size required when taking either the perspective of Transit Planning Authority (Agency) or Service Provider (Operator). The model is implemented for the network of Amsterdam North. Results show that the objectives of Agency and Operator yield different total fleet sizes with the Agency requiring a larger fleet than the Operator and that the optimal scenario for the Agency would be the one where only private on-demand service is offered.
Highlights
The emergence of innovative mobility solutions, brought about by advancements in various ICT platforms and increasing urbanisation, is changing the mobility landscape in urban areas
This study explored the relation between the optimal fleet size of an on-demand system with elastic demand from the perspective of a transport planning authority (Agency) and a service provider (Operator)
An agent-based simulation framework was adopted for implementing the model with the day-to-day learning of users
Summary
The emergence of innovative mobility solutions, brought about by advancements in various ICT platforms and increasing urbanisation, is changing the mobility landscape in urban areas. Service providers and users of such innovative mobility systems often interact with each other through an online platform such as an application in a smartphone They offer users the flexibility to plan their trips in real-time and potentially address some of the inherent issues with a line- and schedule-based public transport (bus, tram, or metro) such as large waiting time during off-peak hours and low accessibility in rural areas. The planning authority can play an instrumental role in planning integrated multi-modal transport services This includes setting priorities, policies and regulations so as to stimulate synergy between fixed line-based services and flexible on-demand services by means of tendering procedures, incentive schemes, integrated ticketing, pricing and travel information platforms, setting level-of-service standards, designate space for vehicle fleets and kerbside management. The paper is concluded by synthesising the key findings and providing directions for future research
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