Abstract
In medium-sized cities in developing countries, transit services without dedicated lanes have issues related to route compliance, schedules, speed control, and safety. An efficient way for dealing with this issue is the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), to implement a Fleet Management and Control Systems (FMCS). Such implementation can be performed using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs), which allow integration of services and adequate standardization. This article features: (a) a literature review, related to FMCS based on ITS and enabling technologies, (b) design of the ITS architecture of an FMCS, and (c) some advances in the development of the proposed FMCS in a Colombian city (Popayán). The results of the literature review allowed identifying the most important requirements of FMCS in order to design the ITS architecture and build a prototype featuring the suggested technologies. Finally, some experiments were performed to evaluate the operation of the developed prototype. The results showed evidence of adequate operation in sending and receiving messages from and to four prototypes developed for the vehicles, also complying with the established requirements of location, tracking, exchanged data, and security. This allows continuing the development of the proposed FMCS, with some adjustments.
Highlights
Cities in developing countries such as Colombia face mobility problems, such as high traffic congestion on roads, high traffic accident rates, and high levels of air pollution and noise
The experiments were developed to evaluate the proper functioning of the developed OBE devices, the selected gateways, the long range (LoRa) wireless communication technology, and the security of LoRaWAN
With the performed literature review, the principal requirements of an Fleet Management and Control Systems (FMCS) applied in the context of medium-sized cities were identified, such as interoperability and integration with other transport services, the use of adequate location, tracking, and communication technologies, and the measurement of suitable parameters for analysis and implementation of security protocols that guarantee the correct flow of information
Summary
Cities in developing countries such as Colombia face mobility problems, such as high traffic congestion on roads, high traffic accident rates, and high levels of air pollution and noise. Many of these problems are caused by public transportation [1,2]. Medium-sized cities (with populations between 100,000 and 1,000,000 inhabitants) use “collective” service as the principal transit service. “Collective” service is provided by small buses or vans with a capacity between 12 and 20 passengers, through public roads with other types of vehicles (e.g., private vehicles). The service has specific stops for passenger pick up/drop off, but a considerable
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