Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a flavor-containing dentifrice on the formation of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) in morning bad breath. A two-step, blinded, crossover, randomized study was carried out in 50 dental students with a healthy periodontium divided into two experimental groups: flavor-containing dentifrice (test) and non-flavor-containing dentifrice (control). The volunteers received the designated dentifrice and a new toothbrush for a 3 X/day brushing regimen for 2 periods of 30 days. A seven-day washout interval was used between the periods. The assessed parameters were: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), organoleptic breath scores (ORG), VSC levels (as measured by a portable sulphide monitor) before (H1) and after (H2) cleaning of the tongue, tongue coating (TC) wet weight and BANA test from TC samples. The intra-group analysis showed a decrease in ORG, from 3 to 2, after 30 days for the test group (p < 0.05). The inter-group analysis showed lower values in ORG, H1 and H2 for the test group (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the amount of TC between groups and the presence of flavor also did not interfere in the BANA results between groups (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that a flavor-containing dentifrice seems to prevent VSCs formation in morning bad breath regardless of the amount of TC in periodontally healthy subjects.
Highlights
Bad breath or halitosis is caused by the presence of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) in the exhaled air, methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S)[1], in addition to shortchain organic fatty acids such as propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid and polyamines, putrescine, cadaverine and skatoles.[2]
None of the volunteers complained about bad breath during the day and all participants reported having regular yearly dental examinations and Measurements plaque index (PI) (% mean) gingival index (GI) (% mean) organoleptic breath scores (ORG) H1 H2 tongue coating (TC) (g) BANA(+)
There was no difference in PI, GI, nor in the amount of TC between test and control groups
Summary
Bad breath or halitosis is caused by the presence of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) in the exhaled air, methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S)[1], in addition to shortchain organic fatty acids such as propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid and polyamines, putrescine, cadaverine and skatoles.[2]. Studies have shown the effectiveness of toothpastes containing different antimicrobial agents for bad-breath control: Sharma et al.[4] (1999) and Nogueira-Filho et al.[7] (2002) demonstrated that dentifrices containing triclosan were able to reduce oral malodor. The findings of the study performed by Peruzzo et al.* suggest that sodium lauryl sulphate, present in dentifrices, appears to prevent VSCs formation in morning bad breath in PHS. No study has evaluated the possible effects of flavoring agents, present in dentifrices, on oral malodor. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the flavoring agents present in a dentifrice on the formation of VSCs in the morning breath of healthy individuals
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