Flavonolignans and Biological Activity of Nannorrhops ritchiana Leaves

Ahmed Essa,Ezz El-Din Elkhrisy,Tahia Mohamed,Eman Haggag

doi:10.21608/aprh.2017.4721

Ahmed Essa, Ezz El-Din Elkhrisy + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2017.4721

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Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed at isolating the polyphenolic compounds of 70% methanol extract ofNannorrhops ritchiana Griff. leaves and assaying the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extract and main fractions. Methods: The methanol extract of the leaves of N. ritchiana was chromatographically fractionated using a bioactivity-guided approach. The isolated compounds were spectroscopically elucidated by UV, MS, 1H/13C NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. The radical scavenging activity of the methanol extract and its fractions was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay and their cytotoxic activity was assayed using SRB (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test against human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2), human alveolar adenocarcinoma (A549) and human prostate carcinoma (PC3) cell lines. Results: Eight compounds were isolated and identified for the first time from the leaves of N. ritchiana, comprising five flavonolignans;Indocalatin A (4) which is a rare compound that has been reported only once in nature, 9″-O-glucopyranosyl Salcolin A (5), 9″-O-glucopyranosyl Salcolin B (6) together with their aglycones, Salcolin A (7) and Salcolin B (8) along with three flavone glycosides; Tricin-7-O-rutinoside (1), Orientin (2) and Isoorientin (3). The methanol extract of N. ritchiana showed antioxidant activity with SC50 39.4 ± 1.06 μg/ml, while fraction IIshowed significant effect with SC50 of 6.1 ± 0.24 μg/ml in comparison with ascorbic acid (SC50 1.8 ± 0.35 μg/ml). The methanol extract and the fraction III showed a promising cytotoxic activity against selected cell lines especially the A549 with IC50 9.5 ± 1.98 μg/ml and HepG2 with IC50 8.15 ± 1.3 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: N. ritchiana leaf methanol extract is a new source of biologically active compounds, including flavonolignans.

Highlights

The Arecaceae (Palmae) is a botanical family of perennial climbers, shrubs, a caules and trees commonly known as palm trees
Antioxidant activity The diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazylradical (DPPH) radical contains an odd electron, which is responsible for the absorbance at 515-517 nm and for a visible deep purple color
When DPPH accepts an electron donated by an antioxidant compound, the DPPH is decolorized and this can be quantitatively measured from the changes in absorbance

Summary

Introduction

The Arecaceae (Palmae) is a botanical family of perennial climbers, shrubs, a caules and trees commonly known as palm trees. The genus Nannorrhops is one of palm trees belonging to this family where Nannorrhops ritchiana Griff. Is the sole species of this genus. The species commonly known as Mazari palm is a shrub-like clumping palm, with blue-green to grey-green fan-like leaves and several stems slowly growing and connected to form a single base. It is native to Southwestern Asia, from Southeast of the Arabian Peninsula to east through Iran and Afghanistan to Pakistan[2]. The fruit is edible and used by local communities for the treatment of alimentary tract complaints[4] and other infectious disorders, in Baluchistan, Pakistan[5]. The petroleum ether, butanol, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of both roots and leaves of N. ritchiana showed good antifungal and weak antibacterial activities against several strains[6,7,8]

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