FLAVONOIDS OF SOME PLANT SPECIES OF THE GENERA SILENE

Abstract

The composition of flavonoids of 12 species of plants of the genus Silene introduced into Western Siberia was studied for the first time. The C-diglycoside of apigenin, shaftoside, was isolated from the aboveground part of S. chalcedonica, the structure of which was identified by HPLC, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. In all other studied species, the presence of shaftoside and other C-glycosides of flavones was established on the basis of HPLC data. C-diglycoside of apigenin - vicenin-2 was first identified in S. sendtneri, S. roemeri, S. viridiflora, S. paradoxa, S. nemoralis, S. frivaldszkyana, S. colpophylla, S. linicola, S. caramanica.
 The most common in the studied Silene species are the apigenin monoglycosides vitexin and isovitexin and a number of their derivatives, luteolin derivatives orientin and others are found a little less frequently. The highest content of flavonoids in the aboveground part of the studied species is characterized by S. nemoralis (6.75%), high – S. chalcedonica, S. paradoxa, S. frivaldszkyana, S. caramanica, S. sendtneri (3.35–5.15%). The major component in the sum of flavonoids is shaftoside, the proportion of which in most species ranges from 50 to 90%. It is shown that the composition of flavonoids changes during vegetative development. The phases of maximum accumulation of flavonoids in the aboveground part of 4 Silene species have been determined. In general, the studied Silene species are promising sources of C-glycosylflavones.