Flavonoid Composition and Pharmacological Properties of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Leaf Extracts: A Systematic Review.

Wai-Kit Tow,Yasodha Sivasothy,Uma Devi Palanisamy,Usha Sundralingam,Asly Poh-Tze Goh

doi:10.3390/ph14100961

Abstract

The oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) originates from West and Central Africa, and it is cultivated in Malaysia for its oil-producing fruits. Malaysia is the world’s second largest palm oil producer and the world’s largest exporter to date. Consequently, the Malaysian oil palm industry constantly generates a huge amount of biomass with the major contributor being the leaves. A large percentage of these leaves remain underutilized, making them a promising source of raw materials that can be converted into value-added products. The present review summarizes and discusses the flavonoid composition, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties exhibited by the extracts of the leaves of E. guineensis. The purpose of this systematic review is to highlight the potential of valorizing the leaf extracts of the oil palm tree as pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical agents.

Highlights

IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
The results revealed that the scavenging potential of the OPLE was concentration dependent and was found to be a weaker free radical scavenger as compared to both of the controls
The DC rats when treated with the different doses of the ethanolic OPLE resulted in reduced kidney damage, liver necrotic areas, and inflamed cells. These findings indicated that the ethanolic OPLE demonstrated no adverse or chronic toxicity effects on the liver and kidney functions in both the DC and NC rats at the tested concentrations, suggesting that treatment with the OPLE has the potential to exert antioxidative protective effects against damages in the kidney and liver due to oxidative stress conditions [46]

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The oil palm trees (Elaeis) are tropical perennial plants consisting of two species of the family Arecaceae. The African oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. While the American oil palm, Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés, is native to tropical. Both species are used in commercial agriculture in the production of palm oil. E. guineensis is the principal source of palm oil while E. oleifera is only cultivated for local palm oil production [1,2]

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