Abstract
Flavins are yellow heterocyclic molecules that are required by most life forms and they provide a diverse range of specific catalytic tasks. For humans, flavins are obtained as vitamin B2 in the diet. Flavins are found in cells as either flavin mononucleotide or flavin adenine dinucleotide, and are almost entirely bound into the structure of proteins. The critical cellular properties of flavins include oxidation and reduction in one- or two-electron transfer steps, reaction with oxygen including formation of transient adducts, and photochemical sensitivity to visible and near ultraviolet light. A diverse range of proteins and enzymes requires flavins to perform many core chemical processes in cells.
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