Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides is common in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, who are characterized by neurological cognitive impairment. In the search for materials with inhibitory activity against the accumulation of the Aβ peptide, seven undescribed flavanonol glycosides (1–7) and five known compounds (8–12) were isolated from stems of Myrsine seguinii by HPLC-qTOF MS/MS-based molecular networking. Interestingly, this plant has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds (1–12) were elucidated based on spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Compounds 2, 6 and 7 showed neuroprotective activity against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in Aβ42-transfected HT22 cells.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and behavioral abnormalities [1]
The accumulated senile plaques form protofibrils, fibrils and plaques by Aβ oligomerization [6], which has been implicated in neuronal dystrophy and synaptic loss through pathways such as neurotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in both human and mouse models of AD [7,8,9]
In the case of plants used as traditional medicines, special attention should be paid to the authentication of samples, as their intake in the patients may cause severe side effects [24,25]
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and behavioral abnormalities [1]. Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 , which are more neurotoxic than other Aβ peptides, are excessively produced in cerebral neural cells and accumulate in the form of senile plaques [5]. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved drugs such as tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine (as acetylcholine esterase enzyme inhibitors) and memantine (as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist) for use in AD patients [10]. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved drugs such as tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine (as acetylcholine esterase enzyme inhibitors) and memantine (as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist) for use in AD patients [10] These drugs, which have side effects such as vomiting and hepatotoxicity, have no therapeutic effect and only cause temporary improvement [11]
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