Flash sintering can induce an anisotropic microstructure in ceramics. A phase field modeling insight

Abstract

Field-assisted sintering techniques are at the forefront of advanced energy-saving procedures to create fully dense ceramic materials. At present, there is an extraordinary interest in understanding the sintering process and effectively controlling the final specimen's microstructure. This latter aspect is critical, but unfortunately, the short sintering times and intense electric fields under non-equilibrium conditions prevent a rigorous prediction in most cases. This paper is a theoretical contribution to gain insight into an outstanding effect of applying intense electric fields: the formation of non-spherical grain structures. A phase field simulation approach has been carried out to reproduce and determine the origin of this effect. The final simulated microstructures are proved to be textured. These results are explained in the framework of a recent model and compared with experimental evidence reported in the literature.