Flash point study of ternary mixtures comprising binary constituents that exhibit maximum flash point behavior and minimum flash point behavior

Abstract

The flash point (FP) behaviors of two ternary blends were investigated in this study: propyl butyrate + acetic acid + 1-butanol and propyl butyrate + acetic acid + 2-pentanol. The mentioned blends contain one binary constituent with maximum FP behavior (MaxFPB) and one binary constituent with minimum FP behavior (MinFPB). The maximum and minimum FP values are not observed in the ternary constituents of the aforementioned blends. Therefore, these mixtures are the first to be classified into the fp 3.2.0−1 FP class. The Wilson, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL), NRTL+Ideal, original universal quasi-chemical functional-group activity coefficients (UNIFAC), and UNIFAC-Dortmund models were employed to anticipate the activity coefficients of the blends. The two employed UNIFAC-based models exhibited poor performance in predicting the FPs of binary blends containing acetic acid. The findings of this study are applicable for fire and explosion hazard identification, as well as fuel design, particularly biofuel design.