Flapless Postextraction Socket Implant Placement: The Effects of a Platform Switch-Designed Implant on Peri-implant Soft Tissue Thickness-A Prospective Study.

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a prospective study on the clinical effect of grafting the buccal gap with platform switching, following flapless tooth extraction and immediate implant placement and provisional restoration, on (1) alterations in buccolingual ridge dimension and (2) midfacial peri-implant soft tissue thickness. Fifty-six patients were placed in one of four treatment groups: (1) a non-platform-switching implant (Non-PS, n = 14); (2) a non-platform-switching implant and bone graft (BG/Non-PS, n = 14); (3) a platform-switching implant (PS, n = 15); and (4) a platform-switching implant and bone graft (BG/PS, n = 13). Buccolingual ridge dimensional change and peri-implant soft tissue thickness at 2 mm below the free gingival margin were measured. Both PS and BG/PS groups showed an increase in buccolingual dimension compared to the contralateral natural tooth site as well as peri-implant soft tissue thickness of > 2.5 mm, clinically. Platform switching was associated with significantly greater midfacial soft tissue thickness than bone grafting (mean ± standard deviation: 2.17 ± 0.04 for Non-PS and 3.55 ± 0.14 for PS). Using platform-switched implants, in conjunction with immediate implant placement and immediate provisional restoration, was associated with a significantly greater stability of ridge dimension and peri-implant soft tissue thickness than using non-platform-switched implants when measured 12 months after placement of the final restoration. Platform switching may help achieve preservation of ridge dimension and enhance the stability of peri-implant soft tissue following immediate implant placement and provisional restoration without bone grafting. Further research is required to assess the long-term outcome.