Abstract
Flammulina velutipes is known as edible and medicinal mushroom. The fungus grow on living treesof Zelkova carpinifolia and dead trees of Diospyros lotus (Stand and fallen) in Behshar forest area. These plantswere found as new hosts for F. velutipes. In vitro antagonistic activity of this mushroom against Bipolarissorokiniana, Ophiostoma ulmi, Pestalotiopsis funerea, Fusarium culmurum, and Fusarium oxysporum wasevaluated on MEA as dual culture. Colonies of the fungus were white farinaceous and powdery on MEA, laterturns yellow. Daily growth of colony was measured 5.36mm on MEA at 25 oC. Growth coefficient was indicated36.64 and 90 mm Petriplate was covered up to 15 days after plating. The strongest and poorest antagonisticindex have been seen against Ophiostoma ulmi and Bipolaris sorokiniana, respectively.
Highlights
Flammulina velutipes is known as edible and medicinal mushroom
Development of numbers of fruiting body varied on two hosts; D. lotus and Zelkova carpinifolia in Behshar and other forest areas
On D. lotus the mushroom grew in tufts on crown, stump, and trunk of dead stand or fallen trees, while on Z. carpinifolia it grew on roots, stump, and trunk of living trees
Summary
Flammulina velutipes is known as edible and medicinal mushroom. Hardwood sawdust is preferred to conifers for mycelial growth and the initiation of fruiting body primordial, but mixtures of the two are very satisfactory. This mushroom is popular in Asian countries, especially China, Japan, and South Korea. Several medicinal properties of mycelial and fruiting body samples of F. velutipes have been established in in-vitro experiment such as immunomodulatory effect via induction of cytokines and antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antiprotozoal, mitogenic activities (Badalyan and Hambardzumyan, 2001). The Fagus orientalis, Acer sp., Salix sp., Populus sp., Cydonia sp., Platanus orientalis and Malus sp have been reported as hosts of this mushroom in different parts of Iran (Saber 1998; Zokaie, 2001)
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