Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the flammability of ornamental species as a tool for fire management in areas of wildland-urban interface in Paraná. For this, native ornamental species and exotic species were selected. Initially, the following morphological characteristics of the leaves, which are associated with the flammability of the selected species were evaluated: texture, exudates, hairiness and enervation. The flammability characteristics of the species were analyzed through burning experiments. Fifty 1g burns of freshly harvested plant material of each species were conducted in an epiradiator. The variables collected were: ignition frequency (FI), time to ignition (TI), combustion duration (DC) and combustion index (CI). These variables were statistically analyzed by the SNK test at 95% probability. The Cluster test was also performed to identify different levels of flammability of the species tested as a function of the morphological characteristics and the flammability parameters obtained in the epiradiator tests. The results showed that FI and TI were lower in most native species (except Verbena rigida ), differing statistically from exotic ones. There were differences among the species as a function of the species leaf morphology and the flammability parameters measured during the burning. It can be inferred that most native species may have been considered slightly flammable and exotic as flammable, with the exception of the species Euonymus japonica , classified as zero flammability, concluding that native species are the most suitable for use in fire management in wildland-urban interface areas in Paraná, and should be intensively used in landscaping.
Highlights
The behavior of forest fires and the mechanisms involved in this process are highly complex
Based on the morphological characteristics associated with the flammability of the vegetation, thirteen species commonly found in the urban and forest remnants of wildland-urban interface Curitiba were selected, eight of which were native to the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest and the Grassy-woody steppe and five exotic species from Brazil
The results showed that the FI variable was lower in all native species, differing statistically from the exotic ones
Summary
The behavior of forest fires and the mechanisms involved in this process are highly complex. Fire management refers to the set of technical decisions and actions available to prevent, preserve, control or use fire according to the characteristics and needs of each ecosystem. C. et al ISSN eletrônico 1982-4688 need to classify the flammability of forest species to use in fire prevention and fire prevention plans and to improve predictive models of fire behavior. It happens because the vegetation properties can contribute to a greater or lesser speed of fire propagation and the type of fuel is the main propagation enhancer or retarder, since the other variables are practically uncontrollable (SOUZA; VALE, 2019)
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