Abstract
Abstract : The effect of 23 boron-containing compounds on the flammability of five fabrics of different hydroxyl content is studied. Characteristics studied include afterflame, afterglow, ease of ignition and char length. The only effective flame-retardants for cotton and rayon are lithium and sodium tetrafluoroborate, two dimers of 1:2 borates, borax-boric acid 7:3 mixture, and potassium metaborate-boric acid 9:3 mixture. Tetrafluoroborates are not flame-retardants for secondary acetate, triacetate, or polyvinylalcohol fabric, and their flame-retarding action on cellulose depends on the effect of both the sale and the boron trifluoride released. DTA and TGA examination of cellobiose, untreated fabrics, and treated fabrics indicates that treated fabrics show thermal transitions at temperatures below those for the untreated, the effect being greatest for cotton and rayon. The methods of how these retardants work is also discussed.
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