Abstract
Among the synthetic polymeric textiles, Nylon (Polyamide) textiles (Nylon66/Nylon 6) are one of the most widely used materials, especially as apparel and industrial uses for their excellent properties, namely higher strength and good wear resistance. Unfortunately, due to their organic structures, they show the relative ease of burning, which poses a great risk to fire. For the flame retardant (FR) treatment of nylon textiles, several strategies have been developed throughout the years and the earlier studies show the enormous uses of petroleum-based flame retardant compounds via energy intensive application methods. However, the rapid improvement in living standards as well as the recent call for a reduction of environmental impacts during manufacturing and use have been pushed researchers to come up with environmentally benign chemistries and processes. Therefore, the challenges in search of the most sustainable, efficient and durable flame retardant treatments for nylon textiles still remain as a hot topic to be addressed. This chapter discusses the eco-friendly approaches that have been taken in escalating the fire performance of these novel nylon textiles, especially focusing on the applied compounds and the application techniques along with the durability issues of such applications.
Highlights
The consequences of fire related incidents leave a serious impact on human life and its property as well
These fires are ignited from the polymeric materials, including textiles we use in our daily life as in consumer goods, home furnishings, transportation, apparel and protective clothing, etc
The gas phase flame retardant mechanism normally does not change the thermal decomposition of a polymeric substrate, whereas the flameretardant compound goes for decomposition in the presence of heat and generates free radicals
Summary
The consequences of fire related incidents leave a serious impact on human life and its property as well. The gas phase flame retardant mechanism normally does not change the thermal decomposition of a polymeric substrate, whereas the flameretardant compound goes for decomposition in the presence of heat and generates free radicals These free radicals either combine with atmospheric oxygen/ air through complex reactions or capture the radicals released from the polymer substrate to quench the total combustion process [12]. In the condensed phase mechanism, combustion process brings structural changes in the polymer substrate via promoting polymer cross-linking to form a carbonaceous char onto the material surfaces In line, these char residues make insulation between the polymer substrate and the flaming zone to curb the creation of new fuel and stop further burning. A typical flame retardant (FR) compound inhibits the flammability of a polymeric/textile material in several ways mentioned as follows [14]: (i) FR compound can minimize the generation of heat to retard the combustion process, (ii) it can alter the pyrolysis pathway via lowering the generation of flammable volatiles while favoring the char formation to limit the heat and mass transfer via creating an insulation layer between the textile material and the fire source, (iii) in some extent, it can release water vapor as a byproduct to dilute the concentration of available oxygen and flammable volatiles to lower the heat flow back to the textile material, and (iv) it can release flame inhibitors in the gas phase (i.e., chlorinated, brominated and phosphorus species) to quench the intensity of combustion via capturing flammable radicals
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
