Abstract
Effects of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in combination with zinc borate (ZnB), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), and nanoclay on flame retardance and mechanical properties of epoxy resin have been explored. Data listed from UL-94, limiting oxygen index, and cone calorimeter tests convey that the addition of flame retardants improved the fire behavior of epoxy composites significantly. The EP/APP/ZnB/ZrO2 composite having 10% APP, 5% ZnB and 2% ZrO2 by weight attained the best V-0 rating in the UL-94 test, 29.1% limiting oxygen index value and 42.8% decrease in peak heat release rate in cone calorimeter test. A significant decrease of 48.1% in the total smoke release is observed owing to the smoke suppressant action of ZnB/ZrO2. TGA data of epoxy composite reported 25.8 and 36.7% char yield at 600℃ in air and nitrogen atmospheres, respectively. Also, a significant increase in storage modulus is observed for the EP/APP/ZnB/ZrO2 composite loaded with 2 wt% ZrO2 in dynamic mechanical analysis.
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