Abstract
The paper presents automatic control of an aircraft in the longitudinal channel during automatic landing. There are two crucial components of the system presented in the paper: a vision system and an automatic landing system. The vision system processes pictures of dedicated on-ground signs which appear to an on-board video camera to determine a glide path. Image processing algorithms used by the system were implemented into an embedded system and tested under laboratory conditions according to the hardware-in-the-loop method. An output from the vision system was used as one of the input signals to an automatic landing system. The major components are control algorithms based on the fuzzy logic expert system. They were created to imitate pilot actions while landing the aircraft. Both systems were connected with one another for cooperation and to control an aircraft model in a simulation environment. Selected results of tests presenting control efficiency and precision are shown in the final section of the paper.
Highlights
Systems of various types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), including fixed wings [1,2,3], multirotor [4,5,6] and other hybrid type aircraft [7,8] are increasingly being used in both military and civilian applications
A Cularis aircraft simulation model, target autopilot, Embedded Vision System, and Automatic Landing System modules with target software whose key functions were automatically generated using Matlab/Simulink v.2016b were integrated into laboratory rigs [30]
Issues related to the automatic landing of small UAVs have become more important nowadays because of an increasing number of operators, operations, and diversity of mission types and their purposes
Summary
Systems of various types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), including fixed wings [1,2,3], multirotor [4,5,6] and other hybrid type aircraft [7,8] are increasingly being used in both military and civilian applications. An increasing number of flying platforms, greater availability of entire UAV systems and new types of missions, make issues related to the full automation of the entire flight, including its terminal phases, more and more important. This is especially true of the landing phase, which is the most critical phase of each flight and a subject of interest for much research. To some degree, it determines the type of functions an automatic flight control system capable of executing this phase should offer. They are used as a tool by the functions of the second, master level, which in turn, guides the aircraft along the desired landing trajectory
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