Fixed-Frequency PWM Control and Stability of Series-Stacked Buffer for 2ω-Power Decoupling

Abstract

Active second-harmonic ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) filters have become an integral technology for single-phase power converters in high-power density designs. The series-stacked buffer (SSB) has emerged as an attractive topology among the existing solutions due to its low power, high efficiency, and compact design. However, one of the challenges in adopting SSB lies in its control, where hysteresis current control has been adopted conventionally. This results in a wide variation in the switching frequency, making the digital control implementation and filter design complex. On the other hand, fixed-frequency pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control necessitates developing a model for the systematic controller design to ensure stability and desired filtering performance. The assumption of SSB modeled as a second-harmonic current source, independent of the dc bus circuit components, fails to capture the dc bus loading effect on the SSB. In this work, a dynamic model of SSB is developed where the main dc bus and its passive elements are considered. The derived model enables a systematic approach for the controller design while ensuring the desired <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> filtering. The stability limits and parameter sensitivities of the model are studied analytically and in simulations. The analytical model is validated, and the proposed controller performance and stability limit are verified experimentally on a hardware prototype. A video demonstrating the transition from stable to unstable operation is provided.