Fixed allele frequency differences among Palauan and Okinawan populations of the damselfishes Chrysiptera cyanea and Pomacentrus coelestis

Abstract

A survey of intraspecific allozymic variation among samples of the damselfishes Chrysiptera cyanea and Pomacentrus coelestis collected from Palau and Okinawa revealed levels of genetic divergence far in excess of estimates reported previously for populations of coral reef fishes. Absolute or nearly fixed differences in allele frequencies were detected at ADA *, sMDH-2 *, MEP-1 *, PEPB *, PEP-LT * and sSOD *, and at sAAT *, GPI-A *, LDH-1 *, and PEPB *, among the geographic samples of C. cyanea and P. coelestis, respectively. Examination of allele frequencies at most other loci (26 for C. cyanea; 24 for P. coelestis) revealed slight differentiation or identical fixation among the geographic samples. The observed patterns of allele frequency distribution suggest the existence of localized demes of these fishes: these demes may be cryptic and/or incipient species. Whether or not speciation is incipient, the observed patterns of allozymic and isozymic variability suggest that natural selection is a factor in the maintenance of population substructuring of the study species. Pronounced allelic differences were highly concentrated at a small number of loci: strongly bimodal frequency distributions of loci relative to their genetic identities (I) were observed for among-population comparisons in both study species. Allozymes encoded by the PEPB * locus in samples of the noncongeners from Palau exhibited identical electrophoretic mobilities. In Palauan P. coelestis, mSOD * is expressed but sSOD * apparently is not, whereas in Okinawan P. coelestis, both mSOD * and sSOD * are expressed.