Abstract
Two experiments in this study were designed to explore a model of Chinese fixation with four types of native facial expressions—happy, peaceful, sad, and angry. In both experiments, participants performed an emotion recognition task while their behaviors and eye movements were recorded. Experiment 1 (24 participants, 12 men) demonstrated that both eye fixations and durations were lower for the upper part of the face than for the lower part of the face for all four types of facial expression. Experiment 2 (20 participants, 6 men) repeated this finding and excluded the disturbance of fixation point. These results indicate that Chinese participants demonstrated a superiority effect for the lower part of face while interpreting facial expressions, possibly due to the influence of eastern etiquette culture.
Highlights
Cultural differences between Western and Eastern societies have been shown in many aspects of people’s behavior and cognitions
Accuracy According to Facial Expression The detail data for Accuracy (AC) in Experiment 1 was recorded in the Table 1
A least significant difference (LSD) comparison found that the accuracy rates (AC) of happy were higher than the sad (p < 0.01), no other significant differences were found
Summary
Cultural differences between Western and Eastern societies have been shown in many aspects of people’s behavior and cognitions. People in Eastern societies are more likely to view positive and negative emotions as compatible, whereas those in Western societies are more likely to view them as in conflict with each other. These differences are perhaps due to differences in Eastern and Western philosophies (Schimmack et al, 2002). McCarthy et al (2006) suggested that when Westerners know the answer to a question, they tend to maintain eye contact, while Easterners were more evasive. When searching for the answer to a question, Westerners often look toward the sky, while Easterners look toward the ground
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