Fixation of Unstable Femoral Neck Fractures in Adults, Review Article

Abstract

Background? Femoral neck fracture is a common problem especially in young adults. There are different methods of fixation of unstable femoral neck fractures in adults, some of which are accompanied by complications. Aim of Study: A systematic review on the different methods of fixation of unstable femoral neck fractures in adults with clarifying the incidence of nonunion, avascular necrosis, displacement and other complications in each type of fixation. Methods? A systematic review of literature was conducted on twelve studies (556 patients) published in literature using different methods of fixation with inclusion criteria including? English literature, human studies on adults aged 18-70 years with unstable neck of femur fractures Pauwel grade 3. Exclusion criteria including? in vitro studies, pathological and nonunited fractures in people aged below 18 or above 70 years with stable neck femur fractures Pauwel grade 1,2. Results: Targon femoral neck device had been provided to achieve highest rate of union with less complications than other methods of fixation but further evaluation of this device should be done within multiple studies in the future.Primary valgus osteotomy achieved a high union rate but still carries some complications especially delayed osteotomy site healing,coxa vara if improper reduction or fixation in addition to that it?s technically demanding and needs special surgical skills.Medial buttress plate augmentation should be studied more and more in further studies with longer follow up periods and larger number of patients Conclusion: Targon femoral neck device had been provided to achieve highest rate of union with less complications than other methods of fixation but further evaluation of this device should be done within multiple studies in the future. Keywords