Five Years Clinical Follow Up Bone Regeneration with CaP Bioceramics

Abstract

To overcome autograft use for dental implantation, it is important to prevent bone loss after tooth extraction or to restore alveolar bone level after pathological diseases. Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), mixture of HA and ß-TCP, have proven its performance in orthopaedic, while few studies have been reported in dentistry. We reported 5 years clinical follow up on bone regeneration after immediate dental root filling. MBCP 60/40 and MBCP 20/80 are biphasic CaP intimate mixture of HA/TCP 60/40 and 20/80; with interconnected macroporosity and microporosity. Forty cases have been distributed in two groups for alveolar pocket filling. Seven cases without filling are used as control. X-Ray at 0, 3, 6, 12 months and 5 years follow up for some patients were performed. In all the 40 cases, radio-opacity of the implantation area decreases on time, indicating resorption and bone ingrowths at the expense of the two bioceramics. No difference in the resorption kinetics appeared on X-Ray. After 1 year, the implantation area looks as physiological bone and is maintained on time. The newly formed bone is preserved after 5 years contrarily to the controls cases (without filling)where we observed decrease of 2 to 5 mm. This study demonstrated that immediate filling of alveolar pocket after tooth extraction is a preventive method of the jaw bone resorption. After long term (other one year) resorption and bone ingrowth were demonstrated for both micro and macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate with two different HA/TCP ratio.