Five-year outcome of ultrasound-guided interstitial permanent 125I seeds implantation for local head and neck recurrent tumors: a single center retrospective study.

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of interstitial permanent low-dose-rate ultrasound-guided 125I seeds implantation of local head and neck recurrent tumors.Material and methodsSixty-four consecutive patients, with 81 lesions in total, underwent permanent implantation of 125I seeds under ultrasound guidance. Post-operative dosimetry was performed for all patients. Follow-up period ranged 103.5 months (median, 14 months).ResultsAmong the 81 lesions, the totally response rate was 80.2%, and 22 (27%) and 43 (53%) lesions showed complete and partial remission. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year tumor control rates were 75.2%, 73.0%, and 69.1%, respectively. The results for cervical lymph node recurrence were better than those for recurrence or residual disease of primary head and neck neoplasms, with 5-year local control rates of 72.7% and 39.9%, respectively. D90 was an independent prognostic factor of the tumor control, and lesion recurrence location and time to tumor progression were prognostic factors of survival. As of the date of follow-up, 22 of 64 patients were still alive. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 57.4%, 31%, and 26.6%, respectively, with a median survival of 20 months. Grade 4 skin ulceration was seen in two patients; grade 1 or 2 skin reactions were seen in 11 patients (17%) who had received external beam radiotherapy before. Other severe complications were absent.ConclusionsInterstitial permanent implantation of 125I seeds under ultrasound guidance is feasible, efficacious, and safe for refractory head and neck metastasis or recurrence.