Abstract
The author has declared that no competing interests exist. The author's studies are supported by NIH K08 AI079010, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award, and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis, MO. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Highlights
What Is an Isoprenoid?Isoprenoids ( referred to as terpenoids) are the largest group of natural products, comprising over 25,000 known compounds [1]
Isoprenoids are the largest group of natural products, comprising over 25,000 known compounds [1]
By the early 1990s, the existence of an alternative route to isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) had become clear through metabolic labeling studies in bacteria and plants [4]
Summary
Isoprenoids ( referred to as terpenoids) are the largest group of natural products, comprising over 25,000 known compounds [1] Each member of this class is assembled from 5-carbon (C5) isoprene units and derived metabolically from the basic building block isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and its isomer, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). By the early 1990s, the existence of an alternative route to IPP had become clear through metabolic labeling studies in bacteria and plants [4] This alternate ‘‘non-mevalonate’’ pathway does not share any enzymes or metabolites with the MVA pathway. It begins by generation of deoxyxyluose 5-phosphate (DOXP) from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Since the MEP pathway is linear, each of the enzymes in this pathway is required for de novo isoprenoid biosynthesis
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