Abstract
Members of the genus Plagiostoma (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) are plant pathogenic and endophytic microfungi that inhabit woody and herbaceous plants in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. In this study, pure cultures were isolated from specimens of Plagiostoma collected in Japan. Regions of the β-tubulin and tef-1α genes and the complete ITS regions 1 and 2, including the 5.8S rDNA, were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition and genealogical non-discordance methods were used to define species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed five previously unknown species of Plagiostoma, which are described and illustrated. These species are associated with host plants in the genera Acer (Sapindaceae) and Salix (Salicaceae).
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