Abstract
AbstractRadar sounding is a powerful geophysical approach for characterizing the subsurface conditions of terrestrial and planetary ice masses at local to global scales. As a result, a wide array of orbital, airborne, ground-based, and in situ instruments, platforms and data analysis approaches for radioglaciology have been developed, applied or proposed. Terrestrially, airborne radar sounding has been used in glaciology to observe ice thickness, basal topography and englacial layers for five decades. More recently, radar sounding data have also been exploited to estimate the extent and configuration of subglacial water, the geometry of subglacial bedforms and the subglacial and englacial thermal states of ice sheets. Planetary radar sounders have observed, or are planned to observe, the subsurfaces and near-surfaces of Mars, Earth's Moon, comets and the icy moons of Jupiter. In this review paper, and the thematic issue of theAnnals of Glaciologyon ‘Five decades of radioglaciology’ to which it belongs, we present recent advances in the fields of radar systems, missions, signal processing, data analysis, modeling and scientific interpretation. Our review presents progress in these fields since the last radio-glaciologicalAnnals of Glaciologyissue of 2014, the context of their history and future prospects.
Highlights
Five decades of radioglaciology since the first data were published have seen a progression of instruments and platforms, as well as data processing and analysis approaches applied to a growing data archive (e.g. Stern, 1930; Steenson, 1951; Robin, 1975; Gogineni and others, 1998; Dowdeswell and Evans, 2004; Allen, 2008; Turchetti and others, 2008)
The thematic issue of the Annals of Glaciology on ‘Five decades of radioglaciology’ to which it belongs, we present recent advances in the field in the context of their history and future prospects
We include papers published in this issue, topics presented at an International Glaciological Society Symposium on the same theme hosted at Stanford University during the summer of 2019, and work added to the published literature since the last thematic Symposium and Annals issue focused on radioglaciology in 2014
Summary
Five decades of radioglaciology (the use of radio waves to investigate ice masses of all types) since the first data were published have seen a progression of instruments and platforms, as well as data processing and analysis approaches applied to a growing data archive (e.g. Stern, 1930; Steenson, 1951; Robin, 1975; Gogineni and others, 1998; Dowdeswell and Evans, 2004; Allen, 2008; Turchetti and others, 2008). Exploiting the valuable information from these data, such as ice-sheet bed topography, the distribution of subglacial water, the spatial variation of basal melt, the transition between frozen and thawed bed conditions, englacial temperature, histories of accumulation, flow, and the distribution of age in ice masses remains an active area of international research.
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