Fitorremediação de solos contaminados com o herbicida sulfentrazone por espécies de adubos verdes

Abstract

In face of the new technologies, phytoremediation is presented as an option for the decontamination of areas that have suffered with intense herbicide applications. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of remediation to sulfentrazone by green manure species, such as sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and dwarf pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan dwarf). Dwarf mucuna (Stizolobium deeringianum) was used as the bioindicator plant of soil residues, which succeeded the remedial species. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using pots with 10 dm3, collected from the depth of 0-0.2 m. The treatments were composed by the combination of four green manure species and four doses of sulfentrazone (0, 200, 400 and 800 g ha–1), plus one treatment without crop (control). The height of plants, phytotoxicity to sulfentrazone, and fresh and dry matter of shoots were evaluated. C. juncea was the most efficient species on the decontamination of sulfentrazone in soil up to 400 g ha–1. These results do not exclude the continuation of studies with C. cajan, C. cajan (dwarf) and C. ensiformis, which showed satisfactory results using S. deeringianum as the bioindicator plant.