Abstract
In Canada our approach to the management of fish resources and their habitats has been in turmoil for several decades, especially during the past decade. That many direct and indirect users of the aquatic ecosystems have been and are continuing to make improper use of them is widely recognized by the public and in formal government policies. Some of the improprieties have been reduced while others are intensifying. How to reduce all improprieties and how to foster meliorative husbandry are being addressed with respect to ecological, social, economic, and political aspects of the man–nature ecosystem. Reconsideration of all rights to the use of fish and their habitats, where the "rights" may be de jure and formally sanctioned, or de facto and informally accepted or imagined and illegal, is leading to proposals that legitimate rights be clarified and be allocated in more explicit and open ways. As allocative devices both the market system and processes of community-level negotiation are being developed further, and the centralized administrative (or bureaucratic) device is being reformed to accommodate the greater use of complementary devices. These issues are here explored with respect to intrajurisdictional problems and opportunities in Canada.
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