FISHERY ON THE COAST OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK

Abstract

The region that is contiguous to the Sea of Okhotsk in Hokkaido is a tract of land covering Cape Notsuke, by way of Cape Shiretoko to Cape Soya. In this thesis, however, Wakkanai is also included. There lie three cities, nine towns, and three villages in this region, and about 5, 000 families of fishermen are living depending upon the Sea. 1. STATIONARY FISHING: Salmon and trout fisheries are done in this method, which excel in Shari and in Shibetsu. Especially the fishermen of Utoro in Shari depend upon this stationary fishing, and in the fishing season they move, to Shiretoko Peninsula, to the north of Utoro, to fish. 2. CO-OPERATION FISHING: This is cheifly practised in gathered tangle and catching hairy-crab. The tangle is called Rishiri tangle, and is grown on the rocky shore of Wakkanai and Rausu. As the fishing season approches, in Rausu they move to the northern part of Shiretoko Peninsula hairy-crab pot fishery is practised on a huge continental shelf lying in front of the coast from Tokoro to Hamatombetsu. Omu, Esashi, and Mombetsu excel in their catch because of their convenient location. 3. PERMISSION FISHERY: In this, scallop dredge fishery, saury stick-held dip net fishery, one-boat medium trawl fishery, dog fish drift line fishery are chiefly included. The fishing-places of scllops are the continental shelf off the coast of Kitami and C. Notsuke and its cheif producting districts are Yubetsu, Tokoro, Abashiri, and Esashi. The cheif fishing place of saury stick-held dip net fishery is the offing Mombetsu, and the fishermen sail out fishing from Abashiri and Mombetsu as thier bases. Fishing season being late, the fleets of vessels belonging to the Pacific Ocean also take part in it. One-boat medium trawl fishery is done to catch pollacks, cod, lockingtons, sharks on the huge continental shelf covering off the coast of Tokoro to Sakhalin, and their bases are Abashiri, Mombetsu, Esashi, and Wakkanai. Abashiri and Tokoro excel in dog fish drift line fishery and its fishing-places are near the isobathyic line of 200 metres. But in late autumn sharks being near thes hore and living on the bottom of the sea, they fish with one boat medium trawl fishery. 4. SECTIONAL FISHERY: This is done in gathering oysters in Lake Saroma in under-water method, and gathering immatured scallops. Fishermen depending upon Lake Saroma amount to 320 families. 5. Regional figures of sea products are as follow: one is the large producting district having many kinds of fish and the other is a small producing district having a few kinds of fish. To the former belong Rausu, where maltiple manegement is practised, Abashiri, Mombetsu, Esashi, and Wakkanai, where off-shore fisheries chiefly practised: and to the latter the other regions. 6. The distribution of fishing boats is as follows; (a) region which has a large number of fishingboats, (b) region which has a small number of fishing boats. The former is the region where ships are improved to be large and modernized, and the latter is not. And these agree to each region mentioned in the last section. In short, the fisheries of the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk are, in the eastern parts, coastal fishing based on the base of continental shelf as its fishing place.