Fish protein hydrolysate in diets for Nile tilapia post-larvae

Thiberio Carvalho Da Silva,Wilson Rogerio Boscolo,Altevir Signor,Pedro Moreira,Joana D’Arc Mauricio Rocha

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2017000700002

Thiberio Carvalho Da Silva, Wilson Rogerio Boscolo + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017000700002

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Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of crude protein, crude energy, fat, and dry matter of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), made of by-products of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and whole sardines (Cetengraulis edentulus), and to evaluate the productive performance and muscle fiber growth of Nile tilapia post-larvae. Two trials were conducted, the first one to determine the digestibility in 120 fingerlings (70.0±2.0 g), and the second one to evaluate the productive performance of 375 post-larvae, with three days of age, which were distributed in 25 aquaria with 30 L of useful volume. Five diets were prepared based on vegetable ingredients, to which fish were included at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% FPH. For the evaluation of muscle growth, eight fish of each experimental unit were used. The ADC values found were: 98.29% for dry matter; 99.28% for crude protein; and 99.13% for gross energy. The best zootechnical response for the productive performance resulted from the treatment with the inclusion of fish hydrolysate at 4.75%. The diets affected the frequency of the muscle fiber diameters, mainly the growth by hyperplasia. FPH can be efficiently used, and its inclusion at 4.75% is indicated in the diets for Nile tilapia in the post-larvae stage.

Highlights

The production of larvae and fry in the quantity and quality to meet the growing demand of fish farming depends on efficient solutions to problems in the rearing process
The results found in these studies may be related to the high palatability of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), which contains biologically active, immunestimulating peptides with antibacterial properties that can be produced during the hydrolysis process (Kotzamanis et al, 2007)
The centesimal composition showed that FPH had 40.74% crude protein, 54.06% lipids, 3.23% ash, and 6.429 kcal kg−1 of gross energy

Summary

Introduction

The production of larvae and fry in the quantity and quality to meet the growing demand of fish farming depends on efficient solutions to problems in the rearing process. Fish meal continues to be the main protein source in diets for most species of farmed fish because of the balanced amino acid profile and the composition of essential. Fatty acids, digestible energy, vitamins, and minerals (Tacon & Metian, 2008). Worldwide fish meal production has staganated by approximately 6–7 million tons in recent years, and with the increasing demand, its value has increased, raising production costs in aquaculture systems (Tacon & Metian, 2008; Merino et al, 2010). Several studies have been conducted on the total or partial replacement of fish meal in the preparation of diets for aquatic organisms, in order to maintain the nutritional standards of the feeds (Teixeira et al, 2006)

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