Abstract
Fish farms' water quality management is analyzed with regard to the management employed and the different trophic states are compared within the system during the dry and rainy seasons. Six sites were marked two in the water supply (P1 and P2), and four within the fish farm (P3 to P6). Whereas sites P1 and P2 (water supply) were characterized as oligotrophic, the others were mesotrophic and eutrotrophic sites. Environmental variables, mainly nutrients, conductivity, COD, BOD5 and TSS tended to increase as from P3 due to management and fertilization. Greater impact has been registered in the fish farm under analysis for variables COD, ammonia, total phosphorus and TSS during the discharge and pond emptying period. Frequent monitoring of water quality should be undertaken in fish breeding and plankton production ponds, especially in those close to P3 and P4. Removal of sediment in decantation lake or P5 is also recommended to decrease nutrient concentrations, especially phosphorus, accumulated on the bottom soil.
Highlights
Since an increase in the number of fish farms in Brazil during recent years has become an important datum, many fish farms have been regarded as research models by government departments
Water samples were collected from six sampling sites, as Tavares and Santeiro follows site 1 (P1) close to the impounding of water supply (Furnas Reservoir); site 2 (P2) water distribution center to ponds and breeding ponds of the fish farm; sites 3 (P3) an effluent of the larvae culture ponds; site 4 (P4) receives the effluent of the plankton production ponds; site 5 (P5) in the lake which, besides containing fish, receives water from the entire fish farm; and site 6 (P6) is the effluent of fish farm
Ammonia greatly increased in the fish farm during the dry season, with highest concentrations at sites P3 (298 μg L-1) and P4 (300 μg L-1)
Summary
Since an increase in the number of fish farms in Brazil during recent years has become an important datum, many fish farms have been regarded as research models by government departments. Most fish farms receive water directly from river or reservoirs, with special impact on management employed, and the subsequent discharge in rivers or reservoirs without any previous treatments. Due to fertilization and fish feeding management the above mentioned compartments may deteriorate directly the water quality. One of the most important ecological issues in water ecosystems is the. Several hydroelectric plants establish fish farms to replace the native ichthyofauna of impacted ecosystems. Current study focuses on the FURNAS fish farm which produces fish fry to repopulate large reservoirs built along the river Grande, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
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