Abstract
The adiabatic shear sensitivity of ultra-high-strength steels is closely related to their thermal conductivity. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the effects of alloying elements on the thermal conductivity of ultra-high-strength steel. In this study, the variation in the scattering behavior of electrons with respect to temperature and the mechanism of three-phonon scattering were considered for obtaining the contributions of electrons and phonons, respectively, to the thermal conductivity of alloys while solving the Boltzmann transport equation. By predicting the effect of ten alloying elements on the electronic thermal conductivity (κe), it was found that, at 1200 K, the doping of iron with Ni and Cr endowed iron with κe values of 24.9 and 25.7 W/m K, respectively. In addition, the prediction for the lattice thermal conductivity (κL), which was performed without considering point defect scattering, indicated that elements such as Al, Co, Mn, Mo, V, and Cr demonstrate a positive effect on the lattice thermal conductivity, with values of 3.6, 3.7, 3.0, 3.1, 3.9, and 3.8 W/m K, respectively. The contribution of κL is only 5–15% of the total thermal conductivity (κtotal). The alloying elements exhibited a similar effect on κtotal and κe. Δκi; the change in thermal conductivity with respect to κ0 owing to the alloying element i was evaluated according to the total thermal conductivity. These values were used to understand the effect of the concentration of alloying elements on the thermal conductivity of iron. The Δκi values of Ni, Co, and W were 6.44, 6.80, and 6.06, respectively, indicating a reduction in the thermal conductivity of iron. This paper provides theoretical guidance for the design of ultra-high-strength steels with a high thermal conductivity.
Highlights
Ultra-high-strength steels are widely used in the military industry and engineering machinery owing to their excellent balance of strength and toughness [1]
When ultra-high-strength steel is utilized under extreme conditions, such as high strain and impact rates, it experiences adiabatic shear damage, which is characteristic of strain and impact rates, it experiences adiabatic shear damage, which is characteris dynamic loading situations [6]
We investigated the effect of Ni and Co, the main alloying elements in ultra-high-strength steel, on the lattice thermal conductivity of the iron matrix by using ShengBTE codes
Summary
Ultra-high-strength steels are widely used in the military industry and engineering machinery owing to their excellent balance of strength and toughness [1]. When ultra-high-strength steel is utilized under extreme conditions, such as high strain and impact rates, it experiences adiabatic shear damage, which is characteristic of strain and impact rates, it experiences adiabatic shear damage, which is characteris dynamic loading situations [6]. This damage is usually in the form of deformation age, which occurs in a short duration over a small area. Carrier concentrations of 1021–1023 cm−3 were chosen for the calculations Lattice transport properties, such as the phonon thermal conductivity (κL) and phonon scattering rate, were obtained using the ShengBTE package [27]. The convergence of the lattice thermal conductivity (κL) was carefully tested with respect to k-grids
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