First results from the CUORE experiment

C Alduino ,S Sangiorgio ,P Gorla ,K E Lim ,M Biassoni ,L A Winslow ,S J Freedman ,O Cremonesi ,M M Deninno ,Y Mei ,A D’addabbo ,C Ligi ,C J Davis ,J L Ouellet ,S Copello ,V Singh ,C Gotti ,A Bersani ,N Casali ,S Nagorny ,N Moggi ,B S Wang ,L Canonica ,S Capelli ,F Bellini ,N Chott ,M Pallavicini ,K M Heeger ,M Vignati ,T O’donnell ,L Pattavina ,M Martínez ,A Leder ,J S Cushman ,P Carniti ,C Pira ,S Di Domizio ,C Nones ,R Maruyama ,D D’aguanno ,G Benato ,K Alfonso ,F Reindl ,N D Scielzo ,A Branca ,A Caminata ,V Palmieri ,T Wise ,B K Fujikawa ,L Cassina ,B Schmidt ,F Ferroni ,E Fiorini ,F T Avignone ,T Napolitano ,A Giuliani ,C Bucci ,L Marini ,A Camacho ,S Dell’oro ,A Giachero ,B Welliver ,Jonas Schmidt ,Y G ,L Zanotti ,E Previtali ,H Z Huang ,C Tomei ,K Han ,T D Gutierrez ,L Cardani ,D Santone ,L Taffarello ,E Ferri ,C Pagliarone ,L Cappelli ,C Rusconi ,C Cosmelli ,C Brofferio ,M L Di Vacri ,S Morganti ,F Terranova ,K Wilson ,G Keppel ,J R Wilson ,M Sisti ,C Rosenfeld ,M Sakai ,S Pozzi ,A Nucciotti ,S Pirro ,L Gladstone ,D Chiesa ,L Gironi ,M Faverzani ,Yu G Kolomensky ,V Novati ,H W Wang ,S L Wagaarachchi ,M Pavan ,M A Franceschi ,X G Cao ,M Clemenza ,E B Norman ,R Hennings‐Yeomans ,G Bari ,G Pessina ,A Drobizhev ,G Q Zhang ,I Nutini ,O Azzolini ,I Dafinei ,S Zimmermann ,V Dompè ,M Nastasi ,R J Creswick ,D Q Fang ,S Zucchelli

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1342/1/012002

Abstract

CUORE (Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events) is a ton-scale experiment aiming to the search of neutrino-less double beta decay in 130Te with a projected sensitivity on the Majorana effective mass close to the inverted hierarchy region. The CUORE detector consists of a segmented array of 988 TeO2 bolometers, organized in 19 towers and operated at a temperature of about 10 mK thanks to a custom cryogenic system which, besides the uncommon scale, observes several constraints from the radio-purity of the materials to the mechanical decoupling of the cooling systems. The successful commissioning of the CUORE cryogenic system has been completed early in 2016 and represents an outstanding achievement by itself. The installation of the detector proceeded along 2016 followed by the cooldown to base temperature at the beginning of 2017. The CUORE detector is now operational and has been taking science data since Spring 2017. With the first ~3 weeks of collected data, we present here the most stringent constraint on the 130Te half-live for the neutrino-less double beta decay.

Highlights

The towers are arranged in a close-packed array and thermally connected to the mixing chamber of a 3He/4He dilution refrigerator (Leiden Cryogenics DRS-CF3000 continuous-cycle)
In April 2017 the optimization phase was not yet complete but CUORE was eventually ready for a preliminary science run
Physics data were preceded and followed by calibration periods during which 12 Kevlar strings populated with low-intensity 232Th sources were temporarily deployed inside the detector region in order to guarantee an approximately uniform γ-ray illumination of the detectors [9]

Summary

First results from the CUORE experiment

C. Alduino1, K. Alfonso2, F. T. Avignone III1, O. Azzolini3, G. Bari4, F. Bellini5,6, G. Benato7, A. Bersani8, M. Biassoni9, A. Branca10,11, C. Brofferio12,9, C. Bucci13, A. Camacho3, A. Caminata8, L. Canonica14,13, X. G. Cao15, S. Capelli12,9, L. Cappelli7,16,13, L. Cardani6, P. Carniti12,9, N. Casali6, L. Cassina12,9, D. Chiesa12,9, N. Chott1, M. Clemenza12,9, S. Copello17,8, C. Cosmelli5,6, O. Cremonesi9,b, R. J. Creswick1, J. S. Cushman18, A. D’Addabbo13, D. D’Aguanno13,19, I. Dafinei6, C. J. Davis18, S. Dell’Oro20, M. M. Deninno4, S. Di Domizio17,8, M. L. Di Vacri13,21, V. Dompe13,22, A. Drobizhev7,16, D. Q. Fang15, M. Faverzani12,9, E. Ferri9, F. Ferroni5,6, E. Fiorini9,12, M. A. Franceschi23, S. J. Freedman16,7,a, B. K. Fujikawa16, A. Giachero12,9, L. Gironi12,9, A. Giuliani24, L. Gladstone14, P. Gorla13, C. Gotti12,9, T. D. Gutierrez25, K. Han26, K. M. Heeger18, R. Hennings-Yeomans7,16, H. Z. Huang2, G. Keppel3, Yu. G. Kolomensky7,16, A. Leder14, C. Ligi23, K. E. Lim18, Y. G. Ma15, L. Marini17,8, M. Martinez5,6,27, R. H. Maruyama18, Y. Mei16, N. Moggi28,4, S. Morganti6, S. S. Nagorny13,22, T. Napolitano23, M. Nastasi12,9, C. Nones29, E. B. Norman30,31, V. Novati24, A. Nucciotti12,9, I. Nutini13,22, T. O’Donnell20, J. L. Ouellet14, C. E. Pagliarone13,19, M. Pallavicini17,8, V. Palmieri3, L. Pattavina13, M. Pavan12,9, G. Pessina9, C. Pira3, S. Pirro13, S. Pozzi12,9, E. Previtali9, F. Reindl6, C. Rosenfeld1, C. Rusconi1,13, M. Sakai2, S. Sangiorgio30, D. Santone13,21, B. Schmidt16, J. Schmidt2, N. D. Scielzo30, V. Singh7, M. Sisti12,9, L. Taffarello10, F. Terranova12,9, C. Tomei6, M. Vignati6, S. L. Wagaarachchi7,16, B. S. Wang30,31, H. W. Wang15, B. Welliver16, J. Wilson1, K. Wilson1, L. A. Winslow14, T. Wise18,32, L. Zanotti12,9, G. Q. Zhang15, S. Zimmermann33, and S. Zucchelli28,4 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA 2 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA 3 INFN – Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro (Padova) I-35020, Italy 4 INFN – Sezione di Bologna, Bologna I-40127, Italy 5 Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universita di Roma, Roma I-00185, Italy 6 INFN – Sezione di Roma, Roma I-00185, Italy 7 Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 8 INFN – Sezione di Genova, Genova I-16146, Italy 9 INFN – Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Milano I-20126, Italy INFN – Sezione di Padova, Padova I-35131, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitadi Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitadi Milano-Bicocca, Milano I-20126, Italy INFN – Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L’Aquila) I-67100, Italy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitadi Genova, Genova I-16146, Italy Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica, Universita degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

Bo om Lead Shield

Findings

CUORE Preliminary