Abstract
Symptoms of Tar Spot Complex (TSC) in corn appear in the form of black spots surrounded by a chlorotic halo known as fish-eye. The crop with these symptoms was found at San Pablo Autopan, Estado de Mexico. The stromal region of foliar lesions was cut longitudinally, showing perithecia, asci and ascospores typical of Phyllachora maydis. The results were confirmed by PCR-ITS with ITS 1 and ITS4 initiators, cloned by pJET, before being sequenced and compared against NCBI’s data base. Phyllachora identity was confirmed. This is the first report where TSC pathogen has been detected under conditions that had not been previously reported, for instance, at 2600 meters above the sea level.
Highlights
Corn ranks first as the cereal with higher yield per hectare, and ranks second in total production, after wheat.How to cite this paper: Ríos-Herrera, E.N., Partida-Martínez, L.P., Ochoa-Fuentes, Y.M., Cerna-Chávez, E., Hernández-Castillo, F.D., Flores-Olivas, A., Olalde-Portugal, V. and Rodríguez-Guerra, R. (2016) First Report on the Presence of Phyllachora sp. in Corn Crops at Toluca, Estado de Mexico
The growing season of corn cropped in moderate climate regions is longer than in tropical regions, and the relative daily yield of tropical corn is similar to the yields obtained from corn grown in moderate climate
50 samples corn leaves from San Pablo Autopan, Estado de Mexico were collected in 2014 fall-winter cop season, at 19 ̊38'9.41" latitude and 99 ̊42'9.82" longitude
Summary
Corn ranks first as the cereal with higher yield per hectare, and ranks second in total production, after wheat.How to cite this paper: Ríos-Herrera, E.N., Partida-Martínez, L.P., Ochoa-Fuentes, Y.M., Cerna-Chávez, E., Hernández-Castillo, F.D., Flores-Olivas, A., Olalde-Portugal, V. and Rodríguez-Guerra, R. (2016) First Report on the Presence of Phyllachora sp. in Corn Crops at Toluca, Estado de Mexico. Ríos-Herrera et al. Corn has great economic importance worldwide as food source, feed and raw material for industrial products. Corn adapted faster to moderate climate regions, which represent 40% of the planted surface area, and 60% of global production. Average yield at moderate climate conditions is significantly higher than in tropical areas. Diversity of the environments, where corn is grown, is greater than for any other crop. There are few exceptions, in which tropical corn productivity can be compared with the yields obtained in moderate climate; such as corn grown in winter time at tropical regions. Corn grown in tropical environments is subject to the attack of large numbers of pathogens, leading to major economic losses. Paliwal et al [1] have reported 130 tropical corn diseases, compared to 85 diseases that affect corn grown in moderate climate
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