Abstract
The bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) has two black spots on its head. It is considered an important bird in China. It breeds in plateau lakes, especially saltwater lakes, and swamp areas. However, the intestinal flora of wild bar-headed geese in the Tibet Autonomous Region is currently not known. In this study, 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on the intestinal microbes of wild bar-headed geese. A total of 513,505 reads of raw data were obtained, and the results analyzed the average number of 128,376 ± 2,392 reads per sample. The microbiota of all samples consists of 10 main bacterial phyla, including Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Patescibacteria, Deferribacteres, Planctomy-cetes, Fusobacteria, and Tenericutes. The results indicated that Firmicutes (67.34%) was the predominant phylum, followed by Proteobacteria (29.03%) and Cyanobacteria (1.97%). In our research, we identified the intestinal flora of the wild bar-headed goose, which provides valuable information for further research on the gene function of the bar-headed goose and the intestinal flora of wild animals. These findings are also useful and valuable for genetic and high-altitude research in the Tibet Autonomous Region.
Highlights
Research on the development and progress of biotechnology [1] has shown that gut microbes affect the health of the host and play an important role in the occurrence of diseases including obesity [2], cancer [3], diabetes [4], and increased cardiovascular risks through different metabolic processes [5]
PCR reactions were performed in triplicate 50 μl mixture containing 5 μl of 10 × KOD buffer, 5 μl of 2 mM dNTPs, 3 μl of 25 mM MgSO4, 1.5 μl of each primer (10 μM), 1 μl of KOD polymerase, and 100 ng of template DNA
The results on 16S rDNA gene analysis indicated the presence of high proportions of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria (Figure 3)
Summary
Research on the development and progress of biotechnology [1] has shown that gut microbes affect the health of the host and play an important role in the occurrence of diseases including obesity [2], cancer [3], diabetes [4], and increased cardiovascular risks through different metabolic processes [5]. Birds can act as a source of infections for public health and animals through direct contact or as carriers of pathogens including avian and zoonotic pathogens and antibiotic-resistant bacteria [8] For these reasons, birds play an important role in the spread of microorganisms from one place to another, thereby affecting their dynamics ecology and the evolution of various viruses and bacteria. Studies have shown that the diversity of an intestinal bacterial community of white-headed cranes in different regions has been investigated using 16S rDNA sequencing techniques. There are few reports on the use of 16S rDNA sequencing technology to study the intestinal microbes of the wild bar-headed geese in Tibet. This study used 16S rDNA sequencing technology to analyze the intestinal microbial diversity of wild bar-headed geese in Tibet
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