Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be beneficial for improving restoration of radioactive-cesium (137Cs)-contaminated soils through soil remediation. However, there has been no information on species diversity and the composition of AMF communities in 137Cs-contaminated soil after the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) disaster. We examined the community dynamics of indigenous AMF colonizing roots of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) in two different 137Cs-contaminated land-use fields (grassland and paddy field) by an Illumina MiSeq sequencing investigation within a 30-km radius around the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP in 2013 (sampling year 1) and 2014 (sampling year 2). We found nine AMF families, including Glomeraceae, Gigasporaceae, Paraglomeraceae, Claroideoglomeraceae, Acaulosporaceae, Archeosporaceae, Ambisporaceae, Diversisporaceae and uncultured Glomeromycotina in roots. Glomeraceae was the most abundant in both grassland and paddy field, followed by Paraglomeraceae. The diversity of AMF in grassland and paddy field was higher in 2014 than in 2013. Furthermore, the AMF community structure was impacted by sampling year and land-use type. The AMF community structures colonizing napiergrass roots were also significantly impacted by land-use type and year throughout the 2-year investigation. To our knowledge, our results are the first report to reveal the community dynamics of indigenous AMF in the 137Cs-contaminated fields around NPP.
Highlights
A catastrophic earthquake and tsunami occurred in Japan on March 11, 2011, which severely damaged the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP)
This study was undertaken as a first investigation of the distribution of indigenous Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonizing roots of napiergrass that grew in two high 137Cs-contaminated soils within a 30-km radius around the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP
Second objective according to our main purpose of the study was to determine the distribution of indigenous AMF colonizing roots of napiergrass that grew in two high 137Cs-contaminated soils within a 30-km radius around the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP
Summary
A catastrophic earthquake and tsunami occurred in Japan on March 11, 2011, which severely damaged the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The actual role of AMF in plant uptake of Cs, and the capacity and AMF species to accumulate is not fully understood and remains challenging because there is no ecological and functional information of the AMF in 137Cs-contaminated soil due to the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP accident. Considering the above facts, combining napiergrass as a candidate plant with high potential for 137Cs-remediation and the 137Cs uptake function by AMF in the 137Cs-contaminated soil in Fukushima may be a better technique to remove 137Cs from the 137Cs-contaminated soil. This study was undertaken as a first investigation of the distribution of indigenous AMF colonizing roots of napiergrass that grew in two high 137Cs-contaminated soils within a 30-km radius around the Fukushima-Daiichi NPP. The indigenous AMF communities in roots of naipergrass from 137Cs-contaminated soils were investigated in detail using a next-generation sequencing of the Illumina Miseq platform for the first time
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