Abstract
Klebsiella michiganensis is an emerging human pathogen that causes nosocomial infections. Its prevalence and spread in the environment should not be ignored. This study identified and characterized Klebsiella michiganensis co-harboring bla KPC-2 and TmexCD2-ToprJ2 in hospital wastewater samples. Twelve K. michiganensis strains were isolated from wastewater samples collected at a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. The genomic characteristics of K. michiganensis strains were analyzed using whole-genome sequences, providing information on the comparison between the genome of K. michiganensis strains and the reference genome, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), virulence genes, secretion systems, and mobile genetic elements (plasmids, insertion sequences [ISs], and prophages). Genome analysis showed that the twelve multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains carried a variety of ARGs and virulence genes, as well as four macromolecular secretion systems (T1SS, T2SS, T5aSS, T5bSS, and T4aP). The genetic environments of both the TmexCD2-ToprJ2 gene cluster and bla KPC-2 gene contained ISs. The plasmids carrying TmexCD2-ToprJ2 gene cluster of nine strains in clade 1 and two strains in clade 2 were annotated as IncR plasmid and rep_cluster_1254 type, respectively. The plasmids carrying bla KPC-2 in 10 strains in clade 1 were identified as IncU, and the plasmids carrying bla KPC-2 in the k11 and k12 strains in clade 2 were IncU and IncX6. The phylogenetic tree and heatmap revealed that the secretion system of type VI (T6SSi) existed in 10 strains in clade 1, and Type IV (T4SS) only existed in the k11 strain in clade 2. In addition, K. michiganensis strains carried 13 plasmids, 14 ISs, and 138 prophages. In this study, the whole genome sequencing demonstrated the diversity of K. michiganensis genome despite 12 K. michiganensis strains from a hospital wastewater, which lays the foundation for further genetic research and drug resistance gene transmission.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
