First Report of a Multidrug-Resistant ST58 Escherichia coli Harboring Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase of the CTX-M-1 Class in a Fecal Sample of a Captive Baird's Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) in Costa Rica, Central America.

Abstract

Objective: This study's main objective was to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from a fecal sample of a captive Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii) in Costa Rica. Materials and Methods: The fecal sample was collected inside the enclosure on March 3, 2017, right after the animal defecated. Samples were cultured on MacConkey agar plates nonsupplemented and supplemented with 2 μg/mL of cefotaxime. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility were performed with the Vitek 2 Compact System and the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed to detect blaCTX-M beta-lactamase genes. Resistant isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Results: After evaluating several antibiotic classes, a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype was isolated. Resistance to cefotaxime, cefepime, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and tetracycline was detected. WGS analysis showed the presence of blaCTX-M-1, blaTEM-1B, and tet(B) genes. The presence of IncN plasmids and Col156 was also detected. Conclusion: Our findings are according with the notion that animals' high density enhances the spread of resistant determinants in a captive environment in a limited space, where the likelihood of direct or indirect contact with other animals and humans is more frequent.