Abstract
BackgroundBufavirus is a newly discovered zoonotic virus reported in numerous mammals and humans. However, the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of porcine bufaviruses (PBuVs) in China remain unclear.MethodsTo detect PBuVs in China, 384 samples (92 fecal and 292 serum specimens) were collected from 2017 to 2018, covering six provinces in China, and were evaluated by nested PCR. Further, the positive samples from different provinces were selected to obtain the complete genome of Chinese PBuVs.ResultsThe prevalence rate of PBuV was 16.7% in Chinese domestic pigs in the Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Henan provinces. Additionally, the positive rate of fecal specimens was higher than that of the serum samples. Next, we sequenced nine near-complete genomes of Chinese field PBuV strains from different provinces. Homology and phylogenetic analyses indicated that Chinese PBuVs have high genetic variation (93.3–99.2%), showed higher nucleotide identity with an Austrian PBuV strain (KU867071.1), and developed into different branches within the same cluster.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first report on PBuV in China, expanding the geographic boundaries of PBuV circulation. Our data demonstrate that PBuVs are widely distributed in the six Chinese provinces. Moreover, these Chinese PBuVs exhibit genetic variation and continuous evolution characteristics. Taken together, our findings provide a foundation for future studies on bufaviruses.
Highlights
Bufavirus is a newly discovered zoonotic virus reported in numerous mammals and humans
This study revealed that the Austrian strains exhibited 93% genetic diversity to the first identified porcine bufavirus (PBuV) strain and the PBuV prevalence was comparatively lower in the investigated farms
Brief survey of Chinese PBuVs in China In this study, the collected samples were screened using the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers, and the amplified target fragments (194 bp) of non-structural protein 1 (NS1) gene were examined by gel electrophoresis
Summary
Bufavirus is a newly discovered zoonotic virus reported in numerous mammals and humans. Porcine bufavirus (PBuV) belongs to the genus Protoparvovirus and subfamily Parvovirinae. It is a small and non-enveloped virus with a non-segmented, single-stranded, 4–6 kb DNA genome [1, 2], which encodes non-structural protein 1 (NS1), a putative structural protein 1 (VP1), small hypothetical protein, and structural protein 2 (VP2) [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. It is known that this virus is highly prevalent in domestic pigs and closely related to posterior paraplegia Another PBuV was shortly detected indiarrheic and normal fecal samples from piglets in Austria. The epidemic and molecular knowledge of PBuV is limited in China
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