Abstract
The superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator (S-DALINAC) has been operated as an energy recovery linac (ERL) for the first time. The S-DALINAC is a recirculating superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) accelerator and had been upgraded with an additional recirculation beamline. It features a path length adjustment system that provides a freedom of choice of 360\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} for the rf phase difference between the electron bunches recirculated through the new beamline and the phase of the accelerating ${\mathrm{TM}}_{010}$ mode of the oscillating electromagnetic field in the SRF cavities of the accelerator. A choice of around 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} for this phase difference results in a deceleration of the recirculated beam and a corresponding transfer of the particles' kinetic energy back to the energy of the electromagnetic field in the cavities. The main components relevant for ERL operation are described and data of the first operation as an SRF-ERL are presented.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONHigh-energy, high-current linear accelerators (linacs) will eventually suffer from an increasingly prohibitive power consumption for the particle acceleration when beam currents above a few mA and electron energies in the multi-GeV range are desired
High-energy, high-current linear accelerators will eventually suffer from an increasingly prohibitive power consumption for the particle acceleration when beam currents above a few mA and electron energies in the multi-GeV range are desired.A possible solution to this problem is the subsequent recovery of the particles’ kinetic energy before disposing of the beam at low energy in a beam dump
This new beamline features a system that allows variation of the traversal path length by one full rf wavelength of λ 1⁄4 10 cm. Setting half this value will result in energy recovery. It is the purpose of this article to present the main components of the S-DALINAC relevant for its energy recovery linac (ERL) operation including the corresponding beam dynamics simulations
Summary
High-energy, high-current linear accelerators (linacs) will eventually suffer from an increasingly prohibitive power consumption for the particle acceleration when beam currents above a few mA and electron energies in the multi-GeV range are desired. We have recently upgraded the superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator (S-DALINAC) to a superconducting radio-frequency energy recovery linac (SRF-ERL). It is the first SRF-ERL operating at 3 GHz. The correspondingly compact rf cavities used for particle acceleration comprise 20 cells. Low injection energies of maximum 7.6 MeV (γ ≤ 14.9, β ≤ 0.9978) into the 20-cell main accelerating cavities enables the study of the phase slippage effect. Setting half this value will result in energy recovery It is the purpose of this article to present the main components of the S-DALINAC relevant for its ERL operation including the corresponding beam dynamics simulations.
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